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Page. 72

1. Strategic lines

|

Economic and regulatory enviroment

|

Building the future

|

Business lines 2. Financial information

|

Activity

|

Income Statement

| Capital base

|

Ratings 3. Business risk

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The risk function at Cecabank

03 Our Business Model

Cecabank

2015 Annual Report

What aspects of Cecabank’s risk functions have been

strengthened in the past few years?

Cecabank, which has always believed in prudent

management, has assumed the following risk

management principles, which are aligned with its

strategic plan and its business model:

Firstly, it has established internal governance

which promotes the integration of the risk culture

throughout the entity and always involves senior

management.

Moreover, it has furthered the independence

of risk functions in the different

business divisions.

It conducts an evaluation to

anticipate all the risks.

It has support infrastructures and

robust proportionate methods to

measure, monitor and control the

risks assumed.

Cecabank establishes its risk

strategy, risk tolerance levels and

the risk management framework

in advance.

In addition, it has an information framework which

enables the different governing bodies to monitor

risks and assess the suitability of the investment

and risk policy.

Lastly, Cecabank has set up remuneration

policies

which

include

incentives

for

maintaining the risk prof ile.

From the risk perspective, what events marked 2015?

Generally speaking, Cecabank’s risk prof ile

remained stable throughout the year, as occurred

in previous years.

The bank has increased its exposure to credit risk

slightly, with notable investment in Spanish public

debt and high quality fixed income assets.

Sector specialization and counterparties remained at

the same levels.

Non-financial risk (operational, regulatory compliance

and reputational risks) maintained a low profile,

considering the volumes of losses registered.

Moreover, because of the prudence with which the risk

of Securities Services activities is considered, we see the

operational risk of this activity to be low to average.

Exposure to market risk was similar to in the previous

year and it benefited from less volatile markets,

although volatility increased again at

the beginning of 2016.

What’s more, our market risk model

was reviewed by external consultants

who ratified its suitability.

The interest rate risk increased

slightly as we capitalized on market

conditions, but it still remains low

to average. On the other hand,

the liquidity risk fell substantially.

The cash surpluses existing in the

markets were accompanied by stable

customer balances in the Securities

Services business. All of this, together with prudent

management, has produced very high liquidity indices.

But what do external analysts think of Cecabank?

Here we should highlight another important event for

Cecabank in 2015: the upgrade of Moody’s rating by

four notches, taking the rating up to investment grade.

This aligns all the bank’s credit ratings at level 3, the

same as the rating for Spain.

Some of the strong points Cecabank’s rating agencies

highlight are its sound franchise in the domestic

securities services business, which is a stable source of

income, its sound capitalization, which is in line with

its risk profile, and its comfortable liquidity position.

Another

important event

for Cecabank

in 2015: the

upgrade of

Moody’s rating

by four notches